AIRN2K

Overview

Ireland’s ecosystems are increasingly threatened by atmospheric ammonia, largely from agricultural sources. Many Natura 2000 sites, protected areas critical for biodiversity, are already experiencing ammonia levels above safe thresholds, putting long-term ecological health at risk. The AIRN2K project (Ammonia Impact Reduction on Natura 2000 Sites) is responding to this challenge by developing modelling and monitoring frameworks to assess and mitigate this risk.

AIRN2K brings together high-resolution atmospheric modelling and novel monitoring techniques to better understand how ammonia affects protected sites across Ireland. The project will:

• Identify ammonia levels and their impact on major Natura 2000 sites
• Pioneer cost-effective monitoring using drone-based monitoring, remote sensing, spectral tools, and biomonitoring
• Expand ammonia monitoring to new locations nationwide
• Build a national, spatially informed, atmospheric ammonia model to guide emissions policy and habitat protection

AIRN2K is designed to make a real-world impact, providing clear data, practical tools, and realistic recommendations to support smarter environmental decisions and more equitable, location-specific policies.